Artificial
intelligence
and
participation
in
environmental
protection,
industry,
and
society
Abstract.
-
Cleaner
production
is
considered
one
of
the
essential
means
for
manufacturing
companies
to
achieve
sustainable
production
and
improve
their
competitive
advantage.
However,
implementing
the
cleaner
production
strategy
faces
obstacles,
such
as
the
need
for
comprehensive
data
and
valuable
insights
that
can
be
used
to
provide
better
support
in
making
optimization
decisions
in
product
lifecycle
management
and
throughout
the
cleaner
production
process.
Fortunately,
with
the
extensive
use
of
intelligent
sensing
devices
in
cleaner
production,
a
large
amount
of
real-time,
multi-source
lifecycle
big
data
can
now
be
collected.
This
paper
presents
results
obtained
in
terms
of
proposals
for
cleaner
production
in
areas
such
as
the
use
of
materials,
the
use
of
artificial
intelligence,
and
obstacles
to
its
use
within
the
social
and
industrial
world.
Keywords:
Environmental
protection,
development
proposals,
life
cycle.
ISSN-E:
2737-6419
Athenea
Journal,
Vol.
4,
Issue
11,
(pp.
32-37)
Molina G.
et al.
Artificial intelligence and participation in environmental protection, industry, and society
Karen
Sarahi
Molina
Goyes
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0915-1089
karen.molinagoyes@gmail.com
Universidad
de
las
Américas
Facultad
de
Ingeniería
Quito,
Ecuador
Resumen:
La
producción
más
limpia
se
considera
uno
de
los
medios
más
importantes
para
que
las
empresas
manufactureras
logren
una
producción
sostenible
y
mejoren
su
ventaja
competitiva
sostenible.
Sin
embargo,
la
implementación
de
la
estrategia
de
producción
más
limpia
enfrenta
obstáculos,
como
la
falta
de
datos
completos
y
conocimientos
valiosos
que
puedan
utilizarse
para
proporcionar
un
mejor
apoyo
en
la
toma
de
decisiones
de
optimización
en
la
gestión
del
ciclo
de
vida
del
producto
y
durante
todo
el
proceso
de
producción
más
limpia.
Afortunadamente,
con
el
uso
extensivo
de
dispositivos
de
detección
inteligentes
en
una
producción
más
limpia,
ahora
se
puede
recopilar
una
gran
cantidad
de
big
data
en
tiempo
real
y
de
múltiples
fuentes
de
ciclo
de
vida.
Este
artículo
presenta
los
resultados
obtenidos
en
términos
de
propuestas
para
una
producción
más
limpia
en
áreas
como
el
uso
de
materiales,
el
uso
de
inteligencia
artificial
y
los
obstáculos
para
su
uso
dentro
de
un
mundo
social
e
industrial.
Palabras
clave:
Protección
del
medio
ambiente,
propuestas
de
desarrollo,
ciclo
de
vida.
Inteligencia
artificial
y
su
participación
en
la
protección
del
medio
ambiente,
la
industria
y
la
sociedad
32
Received
(15/09/2022),
Accepted
(23/01/2023)
Ignacio
Sandoval
Duran
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0528-8766
ignacio.sandoval@udla.edu.ec
Universidad
de
las
Américas
Facultad
de
Ingeniería
Quito,
Ecuador
Miguel
Alejandro
Espinosa
Ramos
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3943-9101
maer_2001@hotmail.com
Universidad
de
las
Américas
F
a
c
u
l
t
a
d
d
e
I
n
g
e
n
i
e
r
í
a
Quito,
Ecuador
Isaac
Andres
Cumba
Flores
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7833-3564
isaac.cumba@udla.edu.ec
Universidad
de
las
Américas
F
a
c
u
l
t
a
d
d
e
I
n
g
e
n
i
e
r
í
a
Quito,
Ecuador
Diana
Alejandra
Calderon
Tuarez
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6517-0831
diana.calderon.tuarez@udla.edu.ec
Universidad
de
las
Américas
Facultad
de
Ingeniería
Quito,
Ecuador
https://doi.org/10.47460/athenea.v4i11.52
Stage
1:
Corresponded
to
the
definition
of
the
objectives
and
goals
of
PML
about
the
environmental
policy
of
Saquifrancia.
In
addition,
the
company's
current
state
was
known,
roles
and
responsibilities
were
delegated,
obstacles
to
implementation
were
identified,
concepts
and
good
practices
were
defined
and
environmental
regulations
were
considered.
Stage
2:
A
technical-environmental-economic
diagnosis
is
generated
before
the
process
considering
the
raw
materials
used
and
relevant
information
about
the
activities.
Stage
3:
A
technical-economic-environmental
evaluation
considers
materials,
monetary
units,
and
inefficiency
costs,
such
as
prioritization
in
terms
of
action.
Stage
4:
Cleaner
production
alternatives
from
waste
and/or
scrap
of
raw
material,
water,
energy,
products,
facilities,
methods,
and
personnel.
Stage
5:
Implementing
alternatives
within
the
company
through
an
action
plan
must
be
controlled
and
evaluated
periodically,
considering
the
indicators
generated
in
Stage
1.
I. Introduction
In
the
production
process,
there
is
a
large
amount
of
waste
and
emissions
due
to
the
continuous
transformations
that
the
raw
material
has,
which
implies
a
waste
of
the
resources
used
and
inefficiency
during
the
processes
[1].
As
a
result,
socioeconomic
problems
translate
into
the
costs
of
production,
treatment,
and
final
disposal
of
waste.
In
the
same
way,
they
directly
affect
people's
quality
of
life
and
the
environment
surrounding
them.
Generally
[1],
companies
control
the
amount
of
waste
once
generated
after
production
processes,
so
they
do
so
through
technologies
and
tools
that
require
a
high
sum
of
investment.
Cleaner
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
s
t
r
a
t
e
g
i
e
s
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
n
g
p
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
v
e
s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
s
f
o
r
m
a
n
a
g
i
n
g
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
r
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
a
n
d
r
e
d
u
c
i
n
g
global
pollution.
Environmental
management
applies
Cleaner
Production
techniques
focused
on
processes,
products,
and
services
that
require
transforming
inputs
to
give
added
value
to
customers.
Its
main
objective
is
to
optimize
these
resources
by
modifying,
eliminating,
or
replacing
raw
materials
[2].
The
deterioration
and
exploitation
of
the
environment
are
the
problems
that
a
realtering
climatic
conditions.
Environmental
management
is
an
issue
that
involves
not
only
Cleaner
Production
strategies
but
also
goes
hand
in
hand
with
Industry
4.0
because
the
development
of
new
green
technologies
allows
the
reduction
of
inputs
in
high
quantities
such
as
gasoline,
but
in
the
same
way,
these
bring
negative
consequences
to
the
environment
in
which
people
are
surrounded
[3].
The
responsibility
for
sustainable
development
lies
with
all
people
to
improve
the
quality
of
life
and
environmental
conditions.
II. Development
Ecuador
is
a
country
in
which
a
large
amount
of
products
resulting
from
the
raw
material
cocoa
is
produced
and
exported,
this
since
the
country
is
present
one
of
the
highest
quality
seeds
which
allows
to
generate
chocolates
with
the
highest
level.
Thus,
in
figures,
Ecuador
has
12%
of
the
land
area
cultivated
by
cocoa
and
approximately
an
income
of
$
800,000
after
the
export
of
beans
in
the
region
[4].
Within
the
industrial
sector,
measures
or
programs
have
been
promoted
that
contribute
tothe
proper
management
of
resources,
increase
efficiency
and
strategies
that
reduce
the
impact
or
risks
for
both
people
and
the
environment.
In
this
way,
around
the
world
companies
opt
for
cleaner
production
projects
because
it
allows
them
to
be
much
more
sustainable
over
time.
This
is
how
in
the
country,
the
Saquifrancia
farm,
which
is
located
in
the
province
of
Pastaza
is
responsible
for
the
cultivation
of
cane
and
cocoa;
however,
they
have
begun
applying
this
type
of
projects
especially
in
the
process
of
obtaining
cocoa,
for
this
they
had
five
phases:
33
I
S
S
N
-
E
:
2
7
3
7
-
6
4
1
9
Athenea
Journal,
Vol.
4,
Issue
11,
(pp.
32-37)
Molina G.
et al.
Artificial intelligence and participation in environmental protection, industry, and society
With
this
analysis
carried
out
in
the
company,
inadequate
water
consumption
and
high
levels
of
waste
were
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
e
d
.
P
r
i
m
a
r
i
l
y
,
t
h
e
P
M
L
a
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
e
s
f
o
c
u
s
e
d
o
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s
i
n
w
h
i
c
h
r
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
water
and
electricity
were
implemented
or
used
and
work
was
done
to
generate
correct
waste
management.
In
addition,
the
feasibility
analysis
found
that
it
is
a
viable
process
since
the
return
on
investment
turned
out
to
be
approximately
one
year
[5].
III. Methodology
T
h
e
m
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
d
w
a
s
d
o
c
u
m
e
n
t
a
r
y
s
i
n
c
e
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
o
f
p
u
b
l
i
s
h
e
d
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
w
e
r
e
reviewed
to
know
the
impacts
of
cleaner
production
in
industrial
scenarios
and
the
participation
of
society
in
this
regard.
In
addition,
artificial
intelligence's
new
development
to
face
the
new
times'
environmental
challenges
was
evaluated.
III. Results
A.Elements
that
prevent
the
creation
of
cleaner
production
proposals
in
Industry
4.0
Although
industry
4.0
seeks
to
reduce
the
amount
of
waste
and
emissions
created
by
old
or
few
automated
objects,
it
must
be
taken
into
account
that
when
manufacturing
these
new
tools,
many
of
them
require
the
exploitation
of
mines
to
obtain
organic
minerals
that
allow
improving
the
properties
of
automation,
Without
realizing
that
they
are
altering
the
ecosystem
in
an
impactful
way,
due
to
the
amount
of
natural
space
they
require
to
obtain
these
minerals.
The
industrial
4.0
market
is
so
changing
and
exponentially
way
is
growing.
Therefore,
old
objects
become
obsolete,
which
makes
people
throw
them,
generating
more
pollution.
This
is
because
the
market
will
always
look
for
more
efficient
products
that
can
have
better
characteristics
in
terms
of
connectivity.
The
internet
has
eye-catching
features
and
new
functions.
Generally,
by
selling
their
new
products,
telephone
companies
make
the
old
phones
or
lower
versions
no
longer
have
the
same
compatibility
with
new
updates.
Therefore,
in
a
certain
way,
they
force
their
customers
to
acquire
their
new
products
more
efficiently
and
innovative.
When
discussing
creating
renewable
energies,
you
can
observe
a
certain
number
of
problems,
which
will
be
described
below;
when
using
solar
energy
for
large
industries,
they
need
to
realize
that
solar
panels
affect
biodiversity.
This
is
because
migratory
birds
that
pass
through
these
places
can
get
burned
by
the
vital
emanation
of
heat.
As
for
the
use
of
wind
energy,
in
the
same
way
when
using
large
mills,
this
affects
animal
biodiversity
and
generates
hearing
problems
for
people
near
these
places.
B.Materials
that
prevent
better
use
and
use
of
cleaner
production
Around
the
world,
different
industries
generate
or
require
materials
that,
despite
being
treated
and/or
handled
in
various
ways,
their
consequences
on
the
environment
continue
to
be
greater;
according
to
the
United
Nations,
the
metals
considered
to
have
the
most
significant
impact
on
the
environment
are
gold,
mercury,
rhodium,
or
uranium.
Those
materials
that
mainly
result
from
mining
extraction
and
exploitation,
especially
the
post-mining
process,
are
the
most
complicated
and
extended
after
the
operations
carried
out
in
a
mining
field
[6].
At
present,
it
is
identified
that
there
is
an
increase
in
demand
for
some
metals
since
they
are
used
for
the
design
and
creation
of
new
technologies
related
to
renewable
energies;
These
materials
can
be
indium,
platinum,
indium,
or
selenium.
However;
also
other
products
with
a
high
environmental
impact
can
be
plastics,
iron,
or
steel
[7].
34
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:
2
7
3
7
-
6
4
1
9
Athenea
Journal,
Vol.
4,
Issue
11,
(pp.
32-37)
Molina G.
et al.
Artificial intelligence and participation in environmental protection, industry, and society
Among
other
materials
are
those
that
pollute
the
atmosphere,
evidenced
through
GHG
emissions
by
the
chemicals
used
for
extraction
processes
such
as
transporting
and/or
crushing
alluvial
material.
These
turn
out
to
be
harmful
during
the
implementation
process
of
a
cleaner
production
project
because
it
seeks
to
reduce
costs
and
environmental
impact
and
that
the
processes
are
more
efficient;
however,
these
materials
must
be
appropriately
treated
if
it
is
not
done,
it
can
generate
changes
in
the
natural
environment
which
in
turn
can
affect
directly
in
the
creation
of
new
processes
to
try
to
eliminate
them,
which
prevents
prevention
strategies
from
being
generated
and
corrective
actions
from
being
chosen
[8].
In
such
a
way,
it
can
be
mentioned
that
especially
those
materials
related
to
extractive
industries
such
as
mining
and
oil
are
those
that
generate
the
most
significant
impact
on
the
environment
and,
although
environmental
care
measures
or
projects
that
seek
sustainability
sought,
can
be
complicated
since
the
actions
taken
for
this
type
of
materials
as
for
the
action
of
the
environment
and
its
care
after
this
type
of
Process
are
only
measures
that
turn
out
to
be
minimizing
and
more
not
of
prevention
and
protection
of
the
environment
as
of
people.
a.
Big
Data
to
generate
new
proposals
for
cleaner
production
Food
waste
is
a
major
global
problem.
Several
companies
have
been
created
to
address
it
in
recent
years
s
i
n
c
e
i
t
i
s
a
c
r
u
c
i
a
l
s
u
s
t
a
i
n
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
p
r
o
b
l
e
m
s
i
n
c
e
1
,
3
0
0
m
i
l
l
i
o
n
t
o
n
s
a
r
e
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
e
d
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
y
e
a
r
l
y
.
T
h
e
F
o
o
d
and
Agriculture
Organization
of
the
United
Nations
estimated
the
total
cost
to
society
in
2014
at
2.6
trillion
dollars.
Many
small
businesses
aim
to
address
this
problem
by
acting
at
different
points
in
the
supply
chain,
from
suppliers
to
consumers,
and
at
different
levels
of
the
food
waste
hierarchy,
from
prevention
to
energy
recovery,
redistribution,
reuse,
and
recycling.
Big
data
analysis,
using
large
and
complex
data
sets
manipulated
by
sophisticated
computer
programs,
is
increasingly
used
by
companies
in
various
sectors.
Therefore,
this
proposal
has
analyzed
case
studies
to
provide
a
framework
for
understanding
different
food
waste
reduction
business
models
and
how
they
could
benefit
from
using
Big
Data
[9].
b.
Artificial
intelligence
favors
new
proposals
for
cleaner
production
Artificial
intelligence
is
a
tool
that
has
become
a
trend
today
as
it
reduces
costs
and
improves
productivity,
but
that
is
not
all
due
to
its
accuracy
and
the
integration
of
information
that
this
tool
entails.
Its
results
are
a
cleaner
production
since
greater
precision
and
efficiency
represent
a
lower
percentage
of
waste
generated
within
the
processes
in
addition
to
having
enough
flexibility
of
use
and
reliability
of
the
Data
obtained,
making
possible
a
better
implementation
of
continuous
improvement
projects.
Evolution
is
inevitable
in
both
people
and
companies
and
it
is
a
fact
that
the
digitization
of
data
and
processes,
that
is,
the
use
of
the
software,
is
fundamental,
and
automation
is
a
step
forward
for
companies
since
it
represents
greater
efficiency
in
their
processes.
It
should
be
considered
that
the
data
collection
took
an
extended
period.
There
was
a
percentage
of
error:
data
with
enough
variability.
However,
using
artificial
intelligence
not
only
can
automate
parts
of
the
process
of
organizations,
but
it
is
possible
to
collect
a
large
amount
of
data,
such
as
the
time
it
takes
such
activity.
There
is
a
large
percentage
of
reliability
in
addition
to
contributing
to
decision-making.
Artificial
intelligence
is
based
on
two
areas,
the
software,
which
contains
the
programming
of
the
activity
to
be
carried
out,
and
the
programming
of
sensors
and
actuators,
among
other
parts,
necessary
for
the
robot
or
artificial
intelligence
to
function
correctly
according
to
its
role
and
activities.
On
the
other
hand,
there
is
the
hardware
that
includes
the
sensors,
the
actuators,
and
the
components
that
will
work
based
on
what
is
requested
by
programming
in
the
software.
Artificial
intelligence
creates
new
opportunities
for
flexible
and
efficient
production,
even
for
complex
and
increasingly
customized
products
manufactured
in
small
quantities.
35
ISSN-E:
2737-6419
Athenea
Journal,
V
o
l
.
4
,
I
s
s
u
e
1
1
,
(
p
p
.
3
2
-
3
7
)
Molina G.
et al.
Artificial intelligence and participation in environmental protection, industry, and society
I
n
a
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
,
t
h
e
a
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
i
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
m
a
r
k
e
t
i
s
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g
l
y
d
e
m
a
n
d
e
d
b
y
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
o
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
d
u
e
t
o
i
t
s
benefits.
Although
it
represents
a
significant
investment
for
companies,
the
results
and
advantages
at
a
competitive
level
make
it
viable
and
profitable
to
implement.
By
2035,
intelligent
and
digitally
networked
systems
and
process
chains
could
represent
an
additional
growth
of
around
420
billion
euros,
only
in
Western
Europe.
According
to
a
study
by
PwC,
AI
can
contribute
up
to
US$15.7
trillion
to
the
global
economy
by
2030.
c.
Idea
based
on
artificial
intelligence
and
Big
Data
for
a
cleaner
production
plan
in
the
industry
Big
Data,
being
a
large-scale
data
analysis
tool,
represents
an
opportunity
to
democratize
access
to
information
on
environmental
issues,
helping
in
the
processes
of
measuring
scenarios
and
baselines
for
both
public
and
private
decision-making.
Artificial
Intelligence
can
also
be
used
to
significantly
improve
different
weather
forecasts
worldwide.
This
technology
allows
data
to
be
analyzed
in
real-time
and
with
a
minimum
margin
of
error
about
meteorological
catastrophes.
Thus,
by
using
various
mathematical
models,
it
is
possible
to
offer
different
solutions
to
prevent
this
type
of
disaster,
creating
early
warnings
and
adequately
coordinating
the
management
of
emergencies.
Artificial
intelligence,
together
with
Big
Data,
allows
us
to
create
solutions
to
society's
environmental
problems.
Thanks
to
all
the
technological
resources
that
exist
in
the
world
can
be
used
to
generate
environmental
impact
and
thereby
transform
industries,
for
this
these
systems
must
guarantee
to
improve
the
quality
of
life
relating
to
the
environment,
so
it
is
intended
to
use
this
technology
as
a
means
of
monitoring
controlling
risk
areas
to
predict
situations
in
the
future
and
design
action
plans
with
positive
results.
These
technologies
are
necessary
to
avoid
causing
environmental
damage
because
they
can
automate
various
activities,
including
improving
weather
forecasts
[10].
Conclusions
Artificial
Intelligence
and
Big
Data
tools
are
part
of
the
new
instruments
that
are
part
of
a
new
generation
and
can
be
decisive
in
developing
any
modern
project.
They
are
considered
necessary
for
valuing
large
projects
of
excellent
caliber
worldwide.
Its
use
in
an
ecological
project
of
cleaner
production
can
help
the
environment
in
many
ways.
One
of
them
is
performing
several
simulations
of
different
environmental
problems
and,
thus,
together
with
Big
Data
calculating
the
necessary
variables
to
know
the
effectiveness
of
the
decision
taken
or
the
environmental
proposal
you
want
to
execute.
[1]
A.
Bernal,
C.
Beltrán
and
A.
Marquez,
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Más
Limpia:
una
revisión
de
aspectos
generales.,"
I3+,
pp.
66-85,
2017.
[2]
I.
Varela-Rojas,
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ecoeficiencia
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[7]
A.
Valero,
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retos
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pp.
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2021.
[8]
T.
Vilmer,
R.
Yessica
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L.
Danny,
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en
la
minería
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aluviales:
el
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Dibulla,
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no.
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(pp.
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Molina G.
et al.
Artificial intelligence and participation in environmental protection, industry, and society
[9]
Environment,
"Potential
of
big
data
analytics
in
food-waste
reduction
businesses.,"
2022.
[Online].
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el
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ambiente,"
DbaExperts,
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[Online].
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https://dbaexperts.tech/wp/database/big-data-utilizada-en-el-medio-ambiente/.
37
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2737-6419
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Journal,
Vol.
27,
Núm.
118,
(pp.
32-37)
Authors
Karen
Sarahi
Molina
Goyes
.
Estudiante
de
la
carrera
de
Ingeniería
industrial
en
la
Universidad
de
las
Américas
en
Quito,
Ecuador.
Ignacio
Sandoval
Duran
.
Estudiante
de
la
carrera
de
Ingeniería
industrial
en
la
Universidad
de
las
Américas
en
Quito,
Ecuador.
Miguel
Alejandro
Espinosa
Ramos
.
Estudiante
de
la
carrera
de
Ingeniería
i
n
d
u
s
t
r
i
a
l
e
n
l
a
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
d
a
d
d
e
l
a
s
A
m
é
r
i
c
a
s
e
n
Q
u
i
t
o
,
E
c
u
a
d
o
r
.
Isaac
Andrés
Cumba
Flores
.
Estudiante
de
la
carrera
de
Ingeniería
industrial
en
la
Universidad
de
las
Américas
en
Quito,
Ecuador.
Diana
Alejandra
Calderon
Tuarez
.
Estudiante
de
la
carrera
de
Ingeniería
industrial
en
la
Universidad
de
las
Américas
en
Quito,
Ecuador.
Molina G.
et al.
Artificial intelligence and participation in environmental protection, industry, and society