Athenea Engineering sciences journal

Evaluation of the compressive strength of traditional elements used in masonry

Ernesto Patricio Feijoo Calle — 2022-12-02

The objective of this work was to characterize the typical elements used in masonry, made in the city of Cuenca (Ecuador), and said characterization was related to the property called compressive strength (UCS). These pieces are made in artisan factories, for a long time and maintain a routine in terms of the use of materials and methodology, its use is common and widespread. The elements referred to are those called adobe, brick, concrete, or cement block. To assess the compressive strength of these components 30 specimens were made from each of the groups, specimens with approximate dimensions of 5x5x10 cm, and submitted to the respective test, with the appropriate equipment. The results present values that must be taken into consideration and conclude with observations that can contribute to the improvement of certain aspects of the elements studied.

Review-Bone Characterization: Mechanical Properties Based on Non- Destructive Techniques

Alex J. Velez-Cruz — 2022-12-02

This paper characterizes the state of the art in the mechanical properties of bone and seeks new avenues aligned with non-invasive characterizations to better fit and produce innovative technologies within the biomedical implant field and early detection of bone diseases. It is concluded that the combination of these methods and non-invasive techniques contribute significantly to obtaining the mechanical properties of the bones, which could be extremely useful in the early detection of bone diseases, development of biological models, and performing mechanical analysis with the intent to predict abnormal biological behaviors in human beings.

Industry 4.0: reengineering of worker health and safety

Juan Lopez — 2022-12-02

This document describes the challenges associated with the integration and implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies. A systematic review was carried out, considering scientific articles in the field of occupational safety and health. Several factors were found to contribute to a challenge to be resolved for those responsible for the well-being of workers in the industry. The use of technology, its dependence, its needs, and other aspects related to the dependence on the use of technology contribute to occupational safety and health risks that are psychosocial in nature and have a direct impact on the performance of the company, so that workplace risk plans must be restructured taking into account these new challenges.

Technological impacts on the exploitation and use of Solar Energy

Paul Balladares — 2022-12-03

This document provides a bibliographic review of factors and aspects affecting the environment, its resources, and biodiversity through the presence, proximity, and operation of power plants or renewable and/or clean energy facilities. Although these types of energy sources contribute to a reduction in environmental impact, their implementation and operation require physical land, use chemical substances, release gases from various processes that impact fauna and flora, and generate environmentally harmful waste if the processes are not fully controlled. A systematic study was carried out, taking into account the basics of scientific articles from journals related to environmental studies, looking for and identifying the negative impacts of renewable and clean energy production. The negative impacts caused by the production of energy and non-conventional energy include a considerable number of negative factors, whose effects increase proportionally.

Natural response of thermoelectric materials and devices

Ronald Pirela — 2022-12-03

The research aims to introduce the theory of the natural response of electrical circuits to the study of thermoelectricity and the characterization of thermoelectric devices and materials. New equations were found to calculate the thermal resistance of the contacts ???????????????????? and ????????????????, the thermal conductance ????????, and the figure of merit ????????. Furthermore, permits determining characteristic time constants ????????, ????????, ????????????, and relaxation times, as well as calculating the thermoelectric capacitances related to the device, material, and thermal contacts. Also, the characteristic angular frequencies are predicted ????????, ????????, and ????????????. The described theory satisfies Newton’s law of cooling, Luttinger’s thermal transport coefficients theory, and the first and second-order electric circuit’s behavior. Additionally, it makes available the prediction of the transport coefficients and the characterization in situ. Like Harman’s method, these parameters can be measured simultaneously on the same device or sample.